FUNCTIONAL SEMANTICS AND COMBINATORICS OF SYNTACTICALLY INDEPENDENT ELEMENTS IN THE SENTENCE (BASED ON ENGLISH AND UZBEK)

Abstract

This article examines the functional-semantic characteristics and combinatorial properties of syntactically independent elements in Uzbek and English from a comparative-typological perspective. The primary objective of the study is to identify the communicative functions, semantic load, and the role of these elements in the structural and pragmatic organization of sentences. The article analyzes the syntactic nature of vocatives, parenthetical words and phrases, modal expressions, parenthetical clauses, interjections, and emotionally expressive devices within the framework of modern functional grammar and communicative syntax. Furthermore, it investigates the combinatorial properties of these linguistic units, including their compatibility with other syntactic components, semantic coherence, and pragmatic functions from a comparative perspective.